UNSOED Conferences, The 3rd International Conference On Sustainable Agriculture For Rural Development (3rd ICSARD)

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Utilization of Vertiver Distillation Waste as Plant Growing Media and Charcoal Briquettes
Budy Rahmat

Last modified: 2023-02-16

Abstract


The vetiver distillation industry produces a large amount of root biomass waste, which was an environmental problem. Because the handling of this waste was usually only landfilling and burning, which does not support sustainable agriculture. Thus, efforts were needed to utilize the waste from this distillation into useful materials. The pyrolysis process was expected to be able to convert this waste biomass into charcoal, liquid smoke, and tar. This study includes: (i) assessment of the potential utilization of lignocellulosic waste from the vetiver distillation industry; (ii) determination of the yield of each component resulting from the pyrolysis process; and (iii) application of the produced charcoal as charcoal briquettes and hydroponic growth media for mustard greens (Brassica juncea L). The results showed that the pyrolysis of 1,000 g of vetiver waste produced charcoal, crude liquid smoke, tar, and bio-oil of 248 g, 450.5 g, 35.8 g, and 4.8 g, respectively. Testing of three types of hydroponic growing media for mustard plants, namely: sand, sand + charcoal (1:1 ratio), and charcoal. It turned out that the sand + charcoal media gave the highest plant height compared to other media. As for the fresh weight of the plant, the charcoal media treatment gave the highest yield. The vetiver waste charcoal briquettes had good quality, which meet the Japanese Standards with water content, ash content, and density values ​​of 7.8 %, 5.52% and 0.56 g/cm3, respectively.

 

Keywords: charcoal briqquet, distillation waste, growing media, pyrolisis, vertiver.