Coconut plants produce coconut sap which is generally used as raw material for coconut sugar. Coconut coir extract was detected to contain phytochemical compounds and has antibacterial potential. Factors that affect the extraction include the mature of the material, the pH of the solvent and the temperature. The method used in this study was a factorial randomized block design (RAK) covering the extraction temperature of 30; 45 and 60°C and the pH of the solvent which consists of pH 2; 4; 6 and 8. The observed variables were qualitative and quantitative phytochemical compounds and antimicrobial activity. The test results were analyzed using ANOVA and if it had a significant effect, further Duncan Multiple Range Test was carried out at 5% level. The results showed that phytochemical compounds were qualitatively detected in both young and old coco coir extracts. The highest total phenolic and total tannin tests were found in young coconut coir extract with an extraction temperature of 60°C with a solvent pH of 6. The total phenolics and total tannin of extract had a value of 114.60 mg GAE/g and 731.37 mg TAE/g respectively, while the highest total flavonoid was obtained by young coconut coir extract with an extraction temperature of 60°C solvent with the value of pH 8 is 9.14 mg QE/g. Young coconut coir extract at extraction temperature of 60°C with solvent of pH 6 showed inhibitory activity against S. cerevisiae and A. aceti with clear zone diameters of 4.82 mm and 4.01 mm, and the number of colonies was 3.48x106 CFU/ml and 5.01x106 CFU/ml, respectively.

Keywords: antibacterial; coconut coir; flavonoid; phytochemical; phenolic; tannin